Goodbye GPS! Quantum technology paves way for next-gen navigation
A significant breakthrough in quantum technology by Sandia National Labs could revolutionize navigation systems, eliminating the need for GPS satellites. Current navigation-grade motion sensors, roughly the size of a grapefruit, are used to guide ships, planes, and vehicles in conjunction with GPS signals. However, this new development introduces a "quantum compass," which uses atom interferometers as sensors to track position and motion without satellite connectivity.
Miniaturization of quantum navigation sensors
The concept of using quantum technology for navigation is not new, but the challenge has been the size of the necessary equipment. To achieve the required precision, six large atom interferometers were needed, resulting in a system so large it could fill an entire room. Now, scientists at have created ultra-compact optical chips that can power these quantum navigation sensors in a much smaller package.
Quantum compass: A solution to GPS vulnerabilities
The team at Sandia National Labs has managed to replace the large laser systems used in atom interferometers with tiny integrated photonic circuits. This development is crucial as it reduces reliance on GPS, which can be disrupted or spoofed, causing significant problems for military operations and automated transport systems. "By harnessing the principles of quantum mechanics, these advanced sensors provide unparalleled accuracy in measuring acceleration and angular velocity, enabling precise navigation even in GPS-denied areas," said Sandia scientist Jongmin Lee.
Cost-effective and robust quantum navigation systems
The team's innovation includes a modulator that can accurately control and merge multiple laser frequencies from one source, eliminating the need for individual lasers. These chips are not only more compact but also more resistant to vibrations and shocks, making them suitable for use in challenging environments. Additionally, by using semiconductor manufacturing to mass-produce their chips, the Sandia team aims to significantly reduce costs associated with these quantum navigation systems.
Quantum compass chips: Potential applications beyond navigation
The potential applications of these compact optical chips extend beyond navigation and GPS backups. The team is considering using the quantum sensors to detect subtle gravitational changes for mapping underground resources and structures. "We can make hundreds of modulators on a single 8-inch wafer and even more on a 12-inch wafer," said Sandia scientist Ashok Kodigala. These chips also show promise in fields like LIDAR, quantum computing, and optical communications.
