STEVE: Earth's new spectacular light show after auroras
Nature, ever enigmatic, recently revealed a fascinating spectacle in the night sky that captivated observers globally. Beyond the familiar auroras, green and purple lights adorned the arctic regions in the Northern Hemisphere, mystifying onlookers. Contrary to assumptions, this celestial display was not an aurora; it was a STEVE - Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement, a phenomenon that has stirred curiosity and awe.
The intriguing STEVE phenomenon
STEVE, a celestial ballet of purple and green ribbons, first gained attention in 2016. Originally identified by the Alberta Aurora Chasers, this atmospheric phenomenon puzzled skywatchers for centuries, possibly dating back to 1705. Often mistaken for a proton arc, STEVE is an elusive spectacle, entrancing regions as diverse as the United Kingdom, Canada, Alaska, and even the southern hemispheres of Australia and New Zealand.
Decoding the nature of STEVE
Initially identified as a "proton arc," the mystery surrounding STEVE persisted until a gathering of aurora enthusiasts in a Canadian pub led to its renaming - Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement. Unlike conventional auroras, STEVE's uniqueness lies in its association with a sub-auroral ion drift (SAID), a fast-moving stream of extremely hot particles. This revelation marked a pivotal moment in understanding this enigmatic phenomenon.
Global sightings and anomalies
STEVE's allure intensified in March 2018 when it unexpectedly appeared alongside an aurora. Witnessed across the United Kingdom, Canada, Alaska, and the northern United States, it manifests as a narrow east-west arc spanning hundreds or thousands of miles. Its ephemeral presence, lasting between 20 minutes to an hour, defies predictability, adding to its mystique and sparking widespread fascination.
Solar maximum and STEVE's resurgence
As Earth enters a phase of heightened solar activity, skywatchers anticipate an uptick in celestial displays. During this solar maximum, STEVE is poised to grace the night skies more frequently, offering enthusiasts a unique opportunity to witness its mesmerizing hues. This cyclic pattern aligns with Earth's solar cycles, providing a window into the periodic dance of STEVE across the celestial canvas.
Relation with SAID
STEVE's association with the sub-auroral ion drift (SAID) introduces a new dimension to our understanding of atmospheric phenomena. Unlike traditional auroras, this fast-moving stream of hot particles adds dynamism to STEVE's lights in the night sky. Scientists, intrigued by this unique interplay of forces, continue to delve deeper into the mysteries surrounding the origins and behavior of the sub-auroral ion drift.
The quest to see STEVE
For sky-gazers eager to witness STEVE's lights, Earth's current phase of enhanced solar activity provides a prime opportunity during the solar maximum, occurring every 11 years. However, spotting STEVE with the naked eye proves challenging, often resembling a faint contrail. To capture its true beauty, enthusiasts are advised to use cameras, enhancing the chances of capturing this rare atmospheric spectacle between evening and midnight.
