Understanding misophonia: When sounds trigger psychological responses
What's the story
Have you ever experienced intense irritation, anger, or anxiety upon hearing certain sounds like chewing, tapping, or sniffling? If so, you might be one of the many individuals who suffer from misophonia, a lesser-known but significant condition that causes strong emotional and psychological responses to specific sounds. Misophonia, often referred to as "sound sensitivity syndrome," can significantly impact an individual's daily life and relationships.
Concept
Understanding misophonia
This neurological condition is characterized by strong emotional and physiological responses to specific sounds, or "trigger sounds." Even though misophonia is not fully understood, research suggests that it may be influenced by the limbic and autonomic nervous systems, which are responsible for processing emotions and involuntary reactions. Some people might only be sensitive to a single sound, while others may have many trigger sounds.
Sounds
What are trigger sounds?
Trigger sounds can vary from person to person, but some of the most common ones include chewing or slurping noises, tapping or clicking sounds, sniffling or throat-clearing, pen-clicking or keyboard typing, and footsteps or repetitive sounds. People also might get triggered by sounds like the rustling of papers, clocks ticking, nail filing or clipping, birds or crickets chirping, and glasses or silverware clinking.
Causes
Exact causes of misophonia are fairly unknown
The exact cause of misophonia is currently unknown. However, researchers have observed that misophonia occurs more frequently in persons who simultaneously have tinnitus, Tourette syndrome, anxiety disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A possible link between misophonia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has also been raised by some. Some of the other suspected factors include brain structure differences and family history or genetics.
Symptoms
How one reacts to the trigger sounds
When exposed to trigger sounds, individuals with misophonia may experience a range of emotional and physiological responses including intense anger, irritation, or aggression including a desire to lash out physically or verbally, anxiety and tension, and emotional distress. Some people also experience an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature or tightness or pressure throughout the body or in the chest.
Treatment
Managing misophonia
Although misophonia is not a medically recognized disorder, its symptoms are nevertheless manageable. People with misophonia may benefit from many types of mental health therapy given the condition's resemblances and connections to other disorders like OCD or PTSD (Post-traumatic stress disorder). To manage the symptoms, first, identify what triggers you, then try to develop coping strategies and techniques to avoid impulsive reactions.