Aphasia: The communication disorder afflicting Bruce Willis
Aphasia is a language disorder that is caused by damage in a specific area of the brain that is in control of language, speech, and comprehension. One affected by aphasia is unable to communicate properly with others. Hollywood actor Bruce Willis's family announced on Wednesday that aphasia is impacting his cognitive abilities and so, he is stepping away from his career.
Here is what our expert says
Aphasia includes a spectrum of comprehension and communication disorders. The two common types of aphasia are Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia. Type of aphasia that a patient suffers from depends on the area of the brain injury. Stroke, trauma, and chronic alcoholism are a few of the causes of aphasia. The sudden onset of confused and unclear speech should raise a high degree of suspicion.
Why Bruce Willis's stepping away matters
Bruce Willis is one of the biggest Hollywood stars. He is best known for playing John McClane in the Die Hard franchise. His other noted movies include Armageddon, The Fifth Element, The Sixth Sense, Death Becomes Her, Pulp Fiction, The Last Boy Scout, and 12 Monkeys. He was last seen in A Day to Die released in March this year.
What causes aphasia
Aphasia happens when the language-dominant side of the brain is damaged. It can be instigated by stroke, head injury, brain tumor, dementia, or brain infection. There are several types of aphasia and diagnosis is based on the area and extent of the damage. People who are in the mid-phase of their lives and older people are more prone to developing aphasia.
Types of aphasia
Broca aphasia happens when the front portion of the language-dominant side of the brain is damaged. Wernicke aphasia occurs after damage to the side portion of the brain. When a large portion of the language-dominant brain is damaged, it is called Global aphasia.
Symptoms of aphasia
Symptoms vary depending on the type of aphasia. Those with Broca aphasia speak in short and meaningful sentences, but they may omit some words from their speech altogether. However, they can mostly understand what others say. Those with Wernicke aphasia, speak in long confusing sentences, with unnecessary words. They have difficulty understanding others. Those with global aphasia have problems with speaking or comprehending.
How to help those with aphasia
Complete recovery is possible for a few aphasia patients. But for most, it leaves behind some traces. Speech therapy may help recover some speech and language functions. Speak in short, simple sentences while communicating to aphasia patients. Repeat the important words or write them down. Don't correct them, and give them time to express themselves. Social support groups can prove extremely beneficial as well.
