Observing National Deworming Day to promote health and hygiene
National Deworming Day (NDD) in India, spearheaded by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), is a pivotal annual event aimed at combatting soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) among children. STH, or intestinal worms, are dangerous parasites transmitted through contaminated soil, posing grave health risks such as malnutrition, anemia, and hindered cognitive development. Let us understand the significance of this day.
Biannual event
National Deworming Day, initiated by the Indian government in 2015, occurs biannually on February 10 and August 10. It aims to eliminate parasitic worm infections among children aged 1 to 19, including those attending anganwadis, acknowledging their increased vulnerability to worm infestations. Additionally, a mop-up day is organized to reach children who missed the initial treatment, ensuring no child is left untreated.
Transmission
STH eggs, originating from infected individuals, persist in soil for prolonged periods, presenting a persistent risk of infection. Transmission occurs through direct contact, such as walking barefoot on contaminated soil, as well as indirect exposure, such as ingestion of contaminated food or water. Additionally, activities like playing in soil further contribute to the dissemination of STH eggs.
Signs of infection
Diarrhea and abdominal pain are common indicators of worm-related health issues. Worm infections often lead to weakness, fatigue, and loss of appetite, particularly in children. Additionally, they can cause nutritional deficiencies, resulting in symptoms such as anemia, stunted growth, and cognitive difficulties. Skin problems like rashes and itching may also occur due to worm infections.
Who needs treatment
In schools, teachers and principals are responsible for administering albendazole tablets to enrolled children aged 6-19 years old, while at anganwadi centers, anganwadi workers oversee the provision of albendazole tablets to preschool children aged 1-5 years old. Additionally, out-of-school children also receive deworming medication, ensuring comprehensive coverage for those not currently enrolled in any educational institution.
Hygiene is key
Transitioning to indoor toilets and avoiding barefoot walking outdoors prevent worm infections. Other practices such as boiling drinking water, washing and peeling fruit before consumption, prioritizing cooked street food, and kitchen cleanliness reduce contamination risk. After gardening or any contact with soil, thorough handwashing with soap and water prevents the transmission. Additionally, regular deworming with medications such as albendazole can effectively eliminate STH infections.
Don't forget pets
Dogs and cats can also harbor these parasites, posing risks not only to their own well-being but also potentially to ours. Worm infestations in pets can occur through various means, including transmission via fleas, emphasizing the importance of regular flea and tick prevention. Therefore, regular deworming for pets is imperative to mitigate the spread of these parasites and uphold overall well-being.
